April 1944
April 1944 would see 111 Fd Regt finally leave their positions on the frontline near Guardiagrele and Orsogna and head for a new front. One less active, but much more daring and risky across the Adriatic Sea.
| 1st April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| Major W. H. Cheeseman assumed command of Regt during absence of Lieutenant-Colonel Elliot and Major Barnes. Bianco sector taken over by 11 Kings Royal Rifle Corps (supported by 211 Bty), affording protection further forward and enabling forward O.P. at NEVONE to be occupied again. |
| 2nd April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| Targets included successful engagement of hostile guns and mortars active against own sector. |
| 3rd April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| 5 Royal West Kents in Regts main sector relived by 6/13 RFF Regt. |
| 5th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| 211 O.P. located and engaged enemy Anti-Tank guns. O.P’s and infantry reported presence of enemy tanks and armoured cars. |
| 6th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| Received 5 Corps Warning Order to move under command of Force 266 and to send Rep ahead to report to Brigadier Miles, BARI immediately. Major Winterbottom sent as Rep. Lieutenant T. P. Allen (Survey Officer) evacuated to Hospital. |
The SOE and Force 266
The Special Operations Executive (SOE) was a secret British WW2 organisation formed in July 1940. Its purpose was to “set Europe ablaze” through espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance. Few people were aware of SOE’s existence, with those who were part of it referred to as the “Baker Street Irregulars”, “Churchill’s Secret Army” or the “Ministry of Ungentlemanly Warfare”. Force 266 (formed out of Force 133) was part of the SOE and was responsible for supplying Josip Broz Tito’s partisans in Yugoslavia.
In late 1941, Britain recognised Dragoljub Mihailovic’s Serbian ‘Chetniks’ as the official resistance in Yugoslavia. SOE agents were sent to assist them in their fight against the Axis occupiers. The ‘Chetniks’, however, soon became involved in a civil war against a rival resistance movement, the ‘Partisans’, led by Josip Broz, or ‘Tito’. This force was Communist, multi-ethnic and opposed to Mihailovic’s Royalist movement. Growing ‘Chetnik’ collaboration with the Axis against Tito finally led Britain to switch its support to the ‘Partisans’ in December 1943
As part of this organisation (Force 266), 111 Fd Regt men were very likely vulnerable to Hitler’s “Commando Order”. This order stated that all Allied commandos captured in Europe and Africa should be summarily executed without trial, even if in proper uniforms or if they attempted to surrender. Any commando or small group of commandos or a similar unit, agents, and saboteurs not in proper uniforms who fell into the hands of the German forces by some means other than direct combat (by being apprehended by the police in occupied territories, for instance), were to be handed over immediately to the Sicherheitsdienst (SD, or Security Service) for immediate execution.
| 7th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| Regt still in action in the positions occupied on 5 December 1943 in support of 8 Indian Division and under command of 13 Corps. |
| 8th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| Lieutenant-Colonel J. S. Elliot returned to unit and resumed command. |
| 9th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| Recce parties arrived from 166 Newfoundland Fd Regt. Arrived to arrange relief of Regt. |
| 10th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| 18:00hrs – Relief of Regt commenced. |
| 11th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| 02:00hrs – Relief of Regt by 166 Newfoundland Fd Regt completed. Regt leaguered in area near River Sangro. Regimental Column departed SP. ARCHI H3090 13:30 hrs via CASALBORDINO, VASTO to TERMOLI. Stayed night 11-12th April at TERMOLI. |
| 12th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| Regt moved from TERMOLI via SERRACAPRIOLA, SAN SERVERO, FOGGIA, CERIGNOLA, CANOSA, ANDRIA, CORATO, TERLIZZI to QUASANO (midway between BARA – ALTAMURA – p1666). |
| 14th April 1944 – East of Guardigrele |
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| Regimental advance part C.O. Lieutenant-Colonel J. S. Elliot and Assistant Adjutant Lieutenant G. Harris and 4 other ranks sailed from BARLETTA via MANFREDONIA on S.S. LURANA for VIS ISLAND (Forward Base No. 1). |
The Island of Vis
The daily War Diary for April ceases here, however the additional information is listed in the folder, including the movement of the remainder of the Regt (minus 476 – “R Battery”) moved to Vis on 26th April 1944.
After spending 142 days in the same positions east of Guardigrele, Italy; 111 Fd Regt were finally on the moving away from the cold Gustav line to a new area of operations, the Dalmatian Islands of Yugoslavia.


“The Island of Vis, like its neighbours, is one of several exposed peaks in a submerged mountain chain. It rises out of an intense green sea to some 2,000 feet. Two of its bays, Vis and Komisa are almost landlocked by the steep mountainsides and form magnificent natural harbours. They lie at opposite ends of Vis, and though only 5 miles apart on the map, they are joined by a narrow, stony, tortuous mountain track, which wanders over have the island before descending dizzily again to the sea.
In the centre of the island the rocky hills dominated by Mount Hum enclose a small central plateau, nourishing it with their rains and their stiltings, which the natural chemistry of time and weather have transformed into rich red earth. On it grow vines whose grapes fill the wine vats in every house on the island”
Excerpt from “Island of Terrible Friends” by Bill Strutton – written about one of the Royal Army Medical Corps Surgeons time on the island of Vis.
“From almost anywhere on the island there were vistas of twinkling blue-green sea, framed in the irregularities of limestone cliff. To the east could be seen a lovely panorama, the sunlit sea studded by the other islands. Hvar, Šolta and the looming heights of Brač, white when the light was at its brightest, but after dawn and before dusk a pattern of shifting mauves and blues and ochres, with black outlines. Behind them all, on the mainland, stood the towering backdrop of the Dinaric Alps, gleaming with snow in winter and early spring, still gleaming in summer because the reflections from the jagged white limestone mountains gave the illusion of snow. Spring and summer skies were almost unfailingly blue. The air was pure, scented as the days grey hotter by wild thyme. Amid these persuasive beauties, the Vis Garrison developed its capacity for lethal aggression.”
Excerpt from “A Small War in the Balkans – British Military Involvement in Wartime Yugoslavia 1941 – 1945” by Michael McConville
“We sailed off in small craft – thirty hours or so – and early one morning found ourselves in a tiny harbour – Koruza town – We drove over a fairly good road which climbed steeply from the village and came eventually to the battery area where George was waiting for us. Parked down for the night and next day set to work on our command post. We were too busy for the first few days to pay any attention to the surroundings. We had to be prepared to shoot in any direction at a couple of minutes notice and had to defend the island to the last.
A battalion of H.L.I. (Highland Light Infantry) came over shortly after us and with them a battery of Bofors, a regiment of heavy A/A, a troop of R.S.R.s (Raiding Support Regiment) and three commando units and together with three partisan brigades we were a pretty formidable garrison. We stayed on the defensive for six weeks or so and then began our raids.
The island was a pretty place, about ten miles long by five wide. Two fairly large ports, Koruza, on the west and Vis at the northeast, together with innumerable smaller villages. Lots of beautiful, small bathing beaches. At one Rukovac, the regiment opened a canteen and made quite a popular resort out of the place. On the western side of my command post stood Hum, a tremendous hill with ruins of an old castle on top. I used to love, in the evenings, sitting in my chair and watching the sun set and the day fade away.”
Diary entry from 26th April 1944 from Sgt Observer Frederick Sidney Williams, 212 Bty, 111 Fd Regt in his family’s memoirs “Our Fred’s War”.